SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    17, 
    148, 
    180, 
    187, 
    232, 
    230, 
    231, 
    18, 
    16, 
    4, 
    5, 
    23, 
    24, 
    170, 
    1, 
    22, 
    149, 
    227, 
    78, 
    79, 
    190, 
    189, 
    162, 
    159, 
    158, 
    245, 
    238, 
    239, 
    242, 
    243, 
    241, 
    240, 
    214, 
    217, 
    218, 
    207, 
    59, 
    58, 
    60, 
    199, 
    198, 
    94, 
    96, 
    201, 
    114, 
    192, 
    136, 
    130, 
    128, 
    126, 
    131, 
    177, 
    186, 
    185, 
    179, 
    11, 
    172, 
    134, 
    135, 
    195, 
    233, 
    168, 
    167, 
    169, 
    42, 
    39, 
    40, 
    205, 
    37, 
    152, 
    160, 
    74, 
    73, 
    71, 
    75, 
    72, 
    108, 
    237, 
    191, 
    235, 
    70, 
    122, 
    115, 
    156, 
    90, 
    175, 
    196, 
    43, 
    104, 
    76, 
    129, 
    127, 
    121, 
    103, 
    95, 
    182, 
    41, 
    56, 
    57, 
    30, 
    112, 
    246, 
    89, 
    197, 
    208, 
    173, 
    97, 
    229, 
    211, 
    210, 
    209, 
    67, 
    25, 
    116, 
    213, 
    215, 
    226, 
    200, 
    154, 
    53, 
    52, 
    111, 
    82, 
    84, 
    228, 
    85, 
    88, 
    26
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00176

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "48.64"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "9.11"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 113,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "22.70",
              "eval_cost": "0.90",
              "prefix_cost": "23.60",
              "data_read_per_join": "11K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "storefront_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`twebezli_Commercemodalpopup`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`twebezli_Commercemodalpopup`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or find_in_set(0,`twebezli_Commercemodalpopup`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`) or find_in_set(1,`twebezli_Commercemodalpopup`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) and (`twebezli_Commercemodalpopup`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "twebezli_Commercemodalpopup.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 12,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 9,
            "filtered": "16.04",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "4.58",
              "eval_cost": "1.82",
              "prefix_cost": "39.54",
              "data_read_per_join": "145"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`twebezli_Commercemodalpopup`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (17,148,180,187,232,230,231,18,16,4,5,23,24,170,1,22,149,227,78,79,190,189,162,159,158,245,238,239,242,243,241,240,214,217,218,207,59,58,60,199,198,94,96,201,114,192,136,130,128,126,131,177,186,185,179,11,172,134,135,195,233,168,167,169,42,39,40,205,37,152,160,74,73,71,75,72,108,237,191,235,70,122,115,156,90,175,196,43,104,76,129,127,121,103,95,182,41,56,57,30,112,246,89,197,208,173,97,229,211,210,209,67,25,116,213,215,226,200,154,53,52,111,82,84,228,85,88,26))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}